Low complete transverse vaginal septum, vesico-ureteric reflux and low anorectal malformation: Case report and review of literature

Vesico - ureteric reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter. A normally functioning ureteral vesical junction (UVJ) allows for the smooth expulsion of urine from the ureter into the bladder without regurgitation of urine back up the ureter, either during bladder filling or upon voiding, If this valvular mechanism fails, from whatever etiology, urine flowing back...

Vesico-ureteric reflux and reflux nephropathy.

Vesico-ureteric reflux.

complete bicornuate uterus with complete transverse vaginal septum

----------

The genetics of primary vesico-ureteric reflux.

INTRODUCTION Vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), reflux of urine from the bladder into the ureter and towards the kidney, is an important cause of end-stage renal failure in both children and adults. Primary VUR is considered to be a result of a disruption of the normal anti-reflux mechanism of the ureterovesical junction (UVJ). VUR is common, occurring in approximately 1% to 2% of newborns in Caucas...